The Interdependence of Science and Business
From new drugs and energy production to the development of computer chips science has laid the basis for many of the world’s greatest technological breakthroughs. But while innovation is what drives the field of science, business is all about making money and making shareholders happy. Traditionally, the worlds of science and business were thought of […]
From new drugs and energy production to the development of computer chips science has laid the basis for many of the world’s greatest technological breakthroughs. But while innovation is what drives the field of science, business is all about making money and making shareholders happy. Traditionally, the worlds of science and business were thought of as distinct entities. However, they are inextricably linked, and it is impossible to separate the impact of scientific research and its business impact.
While business is focused on profit, the long-term ramifications of its decisions can have significant environmental, social, and economic impacts. Science is likewise concerned with the effects of its actions and its decisions, particularly those regarding resource exploitation and sustainability. A shrewd business, for example will use natural resources at a level that science determines as sustainable, but the greed of certain businesses has resulted in over-exploitation and ecological catastrophe.
We have categorized the different ways that corporations try to influence science at the macro and meso levels, and then coded the intended outcomes and effects of these strategies (TL did the initial analysis, AG second-coded 20 per cent of papers). We discovered that corporations employ five macro-level strategies which work in tandem to minimize the perceived credibility of unfavourable science and maximise positive science. These strategies are implemented using meso-strategies that over time tend to bias evidence in favor of the industry. This eventually leads to three distal outcomes: to raise doubt on the potential harms posed by industry products and practices, to support industry-friendly policy responses and to maximize the use, consumption and sales of products and services, thus maximising profits for companies.
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